how many bales of cotton were produced in 1860
Available: https://www.statista.com/statistics/191500/cotton-production-in-the-us-since-2000/, Cotton production in the U.S. from 2001 to 2022 (in 1,000 bales)*, Immediate access to statistics, forecasts & reports, Total U.S. cotton plantings and harvestings 2001-2022, U.S. acreage of planted cotton 2015/16-2021/22, U.S. acreage of harvested cotton 2015/16-2021/22, U.S. acreage of genetically modified cotton 2014-2019, Cotton production value in the U.S. 2000-2022, Leading U.S. states based on cotton production value 2021, Cottonseed production in the U.S. 2001-2022, U.S. cottonseed production value 2000-2021, Supply of cottonseed products in the U.S. 2016/17-2018/19, U.S. cottonseed oil consumption 2000-2021, Exports of cottonseed from the U.S. 2016/17-2018/19, Exports of cottonseed oil from the U.S. 2016/17-2018/19, Cotton production in China 2021, by region, Share of cotton in China's agricultural acreage 2000-2017, Brazil: harvested area of cotton 2022-2031, Area of sorghum for grain harvested in the U.S. 2001-2022, U.S. plantings and harvestings of oats 2001-2022, U.S. barley plantings and harvestings 2001-2022, Yield per harvested acre of corn for silage in the U.S. 2001-2022, Area of sunflowers planted and harvested 2001-2022, Global cottonseed meal and oil production 2009-2018, Cotton production volume in Egypt 2007-2022, Black winter truffle: volume harvested by production countries in the EU 2012-2016, Truffle distribution in France 2014, by country, Wild harvest area in India from FY 2011-2022, Total area harvested for barley production across the UAE 2014 to 2018, Import value of cotton in Ghana 2010-2019, Production volume of castor oil seeds in India FY 2012-2020, Canada: harvested seeded area of chickpeas 2016/17-2022/23, Import value of cotton into Ethiopia 2015-2021, Find your information in our database containing over 20,000 reports, top producer of cotton in the United States. The Souths dependence on cotton was matched by its dependence on slaves to harvest the cotton. Sorry if I am incorrect! We are a community-supported, non-profit organization and we humbly ask for your support because the careful and accurate recording of our history has never been more important. Cotton planting began in the spring, cultivation occurred during the summer, and harvesting by hand-picking began in late August. "[16] However, discrimination towards blacks continued as it did in the rest of society, and isolated incidents often broke out. [31], Texas produces more cotton than any other state in the United States. The adoption of chemical pesticides to reduce diseases and thus increase the yield of the crop further boosted production. During the baling process a sample is automatically removed. The domestic slave trade offered many economic opportunities for white men. [34], Cotton was grown in Mexican California. With the land cleared, slaves readied the earth by plowing and planting. Indeed, slaves often maintained their own gardens and livestock, which they tended after working the cotton fields, in order to supplement their supply of food. He soon became obsessed with the bottleneck in cotton production on his employers Georgia plantation. In 1850, twenty-five percent of the population of New Orleans, Louisiana, was from the North and ten percent of the population in Mobile, Alabama, was former New Yorkers. [23] In South Carolina, Williamsburg County production fell from 37,000 bales in 1920 to 2,700 bales in 1922 and one farmer in McCormick County produced 65 bales in 1921 and just 6 in 1922. U.S. trade increased with France and Spain. The improvements allowed cotton fabrics to be mass produced and, therefore, affordable to millions of people. The slave states of South Carolina and Georgia were adamant about having slavery protected by the Constitution. The United States exports more cotton than any other country, though it ranks third in total production, behind China and India. 3 million. If you change your mind, you can easily unsubscribe. The two companies represented investors or speculators from New York, Boston, and other New Englanders. Accessed May 01, 2023. https://www.statista.com/statistics/191500/cotton-production-in-the-us-since-2000/, US Department of Agriculture. Petersburg's Cotton Industry - Historic Petersburg Cotton production in the U.S. 2022 | Statista Not surprisingly, given these figures, the southern economy remained overwhelmingly agricultural. Farmers used calcium arsenate dust and other pesticides to reduce the damage from boll weevils and such pests as the pink bollworm. [25] The average price was $0.58 per pound. "The rise of the cotton industry in California: A comparative perspective. [37], From 1817, when it became a state, to 1860 Mississippi was the largest cotton-producing state in the United States. While in 1987, Arizona was producing 66% of the countrys Pima cotton, it has dropped to only 2% in recent years. When the delegates wrote and agreed upon the Constitution, cotton production was virtually nonexistent in America. Increased cotton production led to technological improvements in cotton ginning-the process of separating cotton fibers from their seeds, cleaning the fibers, and baling the lint for shipment to market. In the early part of this period, many of these slaves were sold to people living in Kentucky, Tennessee, and North and South Carolina. Although the industry was badly affected by falling prices and pests in the early 1920s, the mechanization of agriculture created additional pressures on those working in the industry. to incorporate the statistic into your presentation at any time. The White population grew from 5,179 in 1800 to 353,901 in 1860; the enslaved population correspondingly expanded from 3,489 to 436,631. By 1860, slave labor was producing over two billion pounds of cotton per year. This spacing helps to make the plants fruit earlier than would a wider spacing and usually results in higher yields. Exporting at such high volumes made the United States the undisputed world leader in cotton production. [30] In Japan, especially Texas cotton is very highly regarded as its strong fibers lend themselves perfectly to low tension weaving. In 1910, it was released into the marketplace. "Cotton production in the U.S. from 2001 to 2022 (in 1,000 bales)*." By 1850, 1.8 million of the 3.2 million slaves in the country's fifteen slave states produced cotton and by 1860, slave labor produced over two billion pounds of cotton annually. [2] Cotton production is a $21billion-per-year industry in the United States, employing over 125,000 people in total,[1] as against growth of forty billion pounds a year from 77 million acres of land covering more than eighty countries. By the late 1920s around two-thirds of all African-American tenants and almost three-fourths of the croppers worked on cotton farms. Additional factors contributed to the increase in cotton production during the last years of the nineteenth century. The best of the best: the portal for top lists & rankings: Strategy and business building for the data-driven economy: Industry-specific and extensively researched technical data (partially from exclusive partnerships). By 1860, Georgia alone produced 701,840 bales of cotton, establishing it as the fourth-largest cotton-growing state. The Cotton Economy in the South | Encyclopedia.com As a Premium user you get access to background information and details about the release of this statistic. It dominated cotton production in the Mississippi River Valleyhome of the new slave states of Louisiana, Mississippi, Arkansas, Tennessee, Kentucky, and Missourias well as in other states like Texas. 19th Century Slavery Flashcards | Quizlet Slaves composed the vanguard of this American expansion to the West. The Mississippi River Valley slave states became the epicenter of cotton production, an area of frantic economic activity where the landscape changed dramatically as land was transformed from pinewoods and swamps into cotton fields. An overseer or master measured each individual slaves daily yield. In general, planters expected a good hand, or slave, to work ten acres of land and pick two hundred pounds of cotton a day. "Globalization and Its Effects on Agriculture and Agribusiness in the Mississippi Delta: A Historical Overview and Prospects for the Future. M. Rebecca Sharpless and Joe C. Yelderman, Jr., eds., The Texas Blackland Prairie: Land, History, and Culture (Waco: Baylor University, 1993). By the time of the Civil War, South Carolina . Why Was Cotton 'King'? - PBS On the eve of the Civil War, almost 1/3rd of . Seventy-five percent of the cotton that supplied Britains cotton mills came from the American South, and the labor that produced that cotton came from the enslaved. The Economics of Cotton - U.S. History Major U.S. states for cotton production 2022, Cotton yield per harvested acre in the U.S. 2001-2022, Cotton price received by U.S. farmers 2007-2021, To download this statistic in XLS format you need a Statista Account, To download this statistic in PNG format you need a Statista Account, To download this statistic in PDF format you need a Statista Account. Published by the Texas State Historical Association. There was little . Cotton cultivation was begun by Anglo-American colonists in 1821. You need at least a Starter Account to use this feature. By 1840, New Orleans alone had 12 percent of the nations total banking capital, and visitors often commented on the great cultural diversity of the city. Cottons profitability relied on the institution of slavery, which generated the product that fueled cotton mill profits in the North. ", Snow, Whitney Adrienne. By 1850, of the 3.2 million slaves in the countrys fifteen slave states, 1.8 million were producing cotton; by 1860, slave labor was producing over two billion pounds of cotton per year. Those who sold their slaves could realize great profits, as could the slave brokers who served as middlemen between sellers and buyers. This is a drop of over 5 million bales from the previous year. sharecroppers, small farmers, and plantation owners in the American south had produced more cotton than . Some southerners of the time believed that their regions reliance on a single cash crop and its use of slaves to produce it gave the South economic independence and made it immune from the effects of these changes, but this was far from the truth. about how many millions of bales of cotton were produced in the south The U.S. cotton crop nearly doubled, from 2.1 million bales in 1850 to 3.8 million bales ten years later. American plantation owners, who were searching for a successful staple crop to compete on the world market, found it in cotton. The Role of the Yankee in the Old South. In the first half of the nineteenth century, it rose in prominence and importance largely because of the cotton boom, steam-powered river traffic, and its strategic position near the mouth of the Mississippi River. [7] These bales usually measure approximately 17 cubic feet (0.48 cubic meters) and weigh 500 pounds (230 kilograms). This economic growth exacted a severe and tragic human price through slavery and the prejudicial treatment of free Black people. Show publisher information The 1914-1915 season totaled 16.5 million bales. One-half to one bushel of fuzzy seed or from ten to fifteen pounds of delinted seed per acre is usually planted, the amount depending upon the section of the state. In 1807, the U.S. Congress abolished the foreign slave trade, a ban that went into effect on January 1, 1808. In 1879 some 2,178,435 acres produced 805,284 bales. Thus, the cotton economy controlled the destiny of enslaved Africans. Narrative of Solomon Northup, a Citizen of New-York, Kidnapped in Washington City in 1841 and Rescued in 1853 (the basis of a 2013 Academy Awardwinning film). [11], After the Civil War, cotton production expanded to small farms, operated by white and black tenant farmers and sharecroppers. About 75 percent of the cotton produced in the United States was eventually exported abroad. [26] A report published by the USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service ranked the highest cotton-producing states of 2020 as Texas, Georgia, Arkansas, Mississippi, Alabama, Missouri, Oklahoma, Tennessee, California, and North Carolina.[27]. Cotton and slavery occupied a centraland intertwinedplace in the nineteenth-century economy. In 1849 a census of the cotton production of the state reported 58,073 bales (500 pounds each). Cotton requires fertile soil for profitable yields. How many bales of cotton were produced in Georgia? Connecticuts Roger Sherman, one of the delegates who brokered the slavery compromise, assumed that the evil of slavery was dying out and would by degrees disappear. He also thought that it was best to let the individual states decide about the legality of slavery. The Economics of Cotton | US History I (OS Collection) Natchez, Mississippi, had the second-largest market. Apush Chapter 10 Flashcards | Quizlet The 1859 census credited Texas with a yield of 431,645 bales. [1] Almost all of the cotton fiber growth and production occurs in the Southern United States and the Western United States, dominated by Texas, California, Arizona, Mississippi, Arkansas, and Louisiana. Whitneys priorities, henceforth, were money and manufacturing. The 1800 census recorded over one million African Americans, of which nearly 900,000 were slaves. The fashion cloth of the blue jeans furthered the boom of cotton for three decades. His next book, Cotton and Race in America (1787-1930): The Human Price of Economic Growth, will be published in 2007. By 1860, the region was producing two-thirds of the worlds cotton. Farmers first saw the ravaging effect of the weevil, which had spread northward from Mexico, near Corpus Christi during the 1890s. The trade with the South, which has been estimated at $200,000,000 annually, was an impressive sum at the time. China imported about 11% of U.S. cotton last year, which was a sharp increase over previous seasons, allowing it to overtake El Salvador, which has consistently imported about 8-9% of the total. California is the largest producer of Pima cotton in the United States. Cotton planters projected the amount of cotton they could harvest based on the number of slaves under their control. A paid subscription is required for full access. This sharp rise in production in the late 1850s and early 1860s was due at least in part to the removal of Indians, which opened up new areas for cotton production. The Civil War caused a decrease in production, but by 1869 the cotton crop was reported as 350,628 bales. [Online]. Agents of the United States Department of Agriculture and the county extension service, which was begun at Texas A&M College, set up demonstration farms and experiment stations and visited individual farms to show farmers how to improve their crops through better methods of cultivation. Cotton accounted for over half of all American exports during the first half of the 19th century. per ton equals 4.8 tons. Only Mississippi (1,195,699 bales), Alabama (997,978 bales) and Louisiana (722,218 bales) produced more cotton. Some southerners believed that their regions monopoly over the lucrative cotton cropon which both the larger American and Atlantic markets dependedand their possession of a slave labor force allowed the South to remain independent from the market revolution. Please do not hesitate to contact me. As telegraph lines spread westward, cotton could be bought and sold on the world market faster than ever before. 2,250,000 Which decade experienced the greatest increase in the number of slaves? Soon after the signing of the Constitution, cotton unexpectedly intervened in the 1790s and changed the course of Americas economic and racial future because of the simultaneous occurrence of two events: the mass production of textiles and the mass production of cotton. Cotton was dependent on slavery and slavery was, to a large extent, dependent on cotton. Mississippi did not exist in a vacuum. But this domestic cotton market paled in comparison to the Atlantic market. Most impressively of all, "New England mills consumed 283.7 million pounds of cotton, or 67 percent of the 422.6 million pounds of cotton used by U.S. mills in 1860." The Post-Civil War Economy in the South - JSTOR According to the United States Department of Agriculture, upland cotton in Missouri was valued at 0.751 $ / pound in 2017. How did the invention of the cotton gin affect the economies of the North and South in the years between 1800 and 1850? Why was this thinking misguided? New York: Russell & Russell, Publishers, 1968, Green, Fletcher Melvin. [5] Cotton supports the global textile mills market and the global apparel manufacturing market that produces garments for wide use, which were valued at USD 748 billion and 786 billion, respectively, in 2016. Furthermore, cotton supports a USD 3 trillion global fashion industry, which includes clothes with unique designs from reputed brands, with global clothing exports valued at USD 1.3 trillion in 2016. Only Mississippi (1,195,699 bales), Alabama (997,978 bales) and Louisiana (722,218 bales) produced more cotton. [3] The final estimate of U.S. cotton production in 2012 was 17.31 million sales,[4] with the corresponding figures for China and India being 35 million and 26.5 million bales, respectively. Some of the newcomers bought small farmsteads, but most worked as tenant farmers or sharecroppers for landowners who controlled spreads as large as 6,000 acres. Maryland slave dealers sold at least 185,000 slaves. "Cotton Production in The U.S. from 2001 to 2022 (in 1,000 Bales)*. * 480-pound net weight bales. The introduction of barbed wire in the 1870s and the building of railroads further stimulated the industry. Many of the trappings of domestic life, such as carpets, lamps, dinnerware, upholstered furniture, books, and musical instrumentsall the accoutrements of comfortable living for southern whiteswere made in either the North or Europe. Although the larger American and Atlantic markets relied on southern cotton in this era, the South depended on these other markets for food, manufactured goods, and loans. The introduction of barbed wire in the 1870s and the building of railroads further stimulated the industry. The crop grown in the South was a hybrid: Gossypium barbadense, known as Petit Gulf cotton, a mix of Mexican, Georgia, and Siamese strains. The weevil, cotton's greatest enemy, not only cut production levels in half in many areas but also increased the mass migration of white and Black tenant farmers from rural Georgia that had . By 1860, Great Britain, the worlds most powerful country, had become the birthplace of the industrial revolution, and a significant part of that nations industry was cotton textiles. The growth of Mississippis population before its admission to statehood and afterwards is distinctly correlated to the rise of cotton production. [citation needed]. Cotton in a Global Economy: Mississippi (1800-1860) - 2006-10 d. 1850-1860 In what decade was there the lowest increase in cotton production? Between 1860 and 1870, Brazilian annual cotton exports rose 400%, from 12,000 to 60,000 tonnes. Why did some southerners believe their region was immune to the effects of the market revolution? The time for planting cotton varies greatly in the different sections of Texas. A good spacing is about twelve inches between plants, with one or two plants per hill. After the seeds had been removed, the cotton was pressed into bales. By the late 1920s around two-thirds of all African-American tenants and almost three-fourths of the croppers worked on cotton farms, and two in three black women from black landowning families were involved in cotton farming. krispyKyle krispyKyle 05/01/2017 History College answered About how many millions of bales of cotton were produced in the south in 1860 See answers Advertisement Advertisement swalla swalla 4,000,000 or four million . [23] Although the industry was badly affected by falling prices and pests in the early 1920s, the main reason is undoubtedly the mechanization of agriculture in explaining why many blacks moved to northern American cities in the 1940s and 1950s during the "Great Migration" as mechanization of agriculture was introduced, leaving many unemployed. By 1860, the total number of African Americans increased to 4.4 million, and of that number, 3.95 million were held in bondage. 1000. It is best not to plant until the soil has warmed up enough to ensure quick and uniform germination. Agriculture in Georgia - New Georgia Encyclopedia The industry faces challenges from increases in cotton production elsewhere where US cotton exports had gone and shifts to less expensive synthetic fibers, such as polyesters. Cotton picking occurred as many as seven times a season as the plant grew and continued to produce bolls through the fall and early winter. accessed May 01, 2023, The Civil War (1861-65) dramatically changed the state's agricultural labor force by freeing thousands of enslaved laborers, but cotton continued to be the main crop in many parts of Georgia. Overview and forecasts on trending topics, Industry and market insights and forecasts, Key figures and rankings about companies and products, Consumer and brand insights and preferences in various industries, Detailed information about political and social topics, All key figures about countries and regions, Market forecast and expert KPIs for 600+ segments in 150+ countries, Insights on consumer attitudes and behavior worldwide, Business information on 70m+ public and private companies, Detailed information for 35,000+ online stores and marketplaces. Visit the Internet Archive to watch a 1937 WPA film showing cotton bales being loaded onto a steamboat. One bale of cotton is about 500 pounds. ", US Department of Agriculture, Cotton production in the U.S. from 2001 to 2022 (in 1,000 bales)* Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/191500/cotton-production-in-the-us-since-2000/ (last visited May 01, 2023), Cotton production in the U.S. from 2001 to 2022 (in 1,000 bales)* [Graph], US Department of Agriculture, January 12, 2023. Indeed, American cotton soon made up two-thirds of the global supply, and production continued to soar. [28] Four out of the top five importers of U.S.-produced cotton are in North America; the principal destination is Honduras, with about 33% of the total, although this has been in decline slightly over recent years.
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